Ashtanga (amatchulidwanso Astanga) amatanthawuza "nthambi zisanu ndi zitatu" mu Chanskrit, zomwe zikutanthauza miyendo eyiti ya yoga yomwe imayikidwa mu Yoga Sutras ya Patanjali . Njira ya kusambira ya Ashtanga inamasuliridwa ndi T. Krishnamacharya ndi Sri K. Pattabhi Jois kuchokera ku malemba akale otchedwa Yoga Korunta , omwe adanena kuti anafotokoza njira yapadera ya hatha yoga yotchedwa Vamana Rishi.
Kodi Pattabhi Jois ndani?
K. Pattabhi Jois (1915-2009) anayamba maphunziro ake a yoga ndi Krishnamacharya ku Mysore, India ali ndi zaka 12. Anakhala dokotala wamkulu komanso mphunzitsi wa Ashtanga yoga, yomwe ndi zochitika zambiri zomwe zimachitika mu vinyasa . Mu 1962, adafalitsa nkhani yake pa Ashtanga yoga, Yoga Mala . Ophunzira ake oyambirira akumadzulo anayamba kufika ku Mysore kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970. Kupyolera mwa iwo, Ashtanga akufalikira chakumadzulo ndipo adakhudza kwambiri njira ya yoga yomwe ikugwiritsidwira lero. Pambuyo pa Pattabhi Jois anamwalira mu 2009, mdzukulu wake Sharath anatenga udindo wa utsogoleri, kuphatikizapo kuphunzitsa ophunzira ambiri omwe akupitirizabe kupita ku Mysore kuti akwaniritse zochita zawo.
Njira ya Ashtanga imatsindika tsiku lililonse vinyasa kuyenda pogwiritsira ntchito kupuma , mula bandha , uddiyana bandha , ndi drishti . Pali mitu sikisi yosiyana ya Ashtanga, yomwe wophunzira amapitilira payekha.
Pafupi ndi Ashtanga Series of Poses
Choyamba, kapena chapamwamba, mndandanda wafotokozedwa mu Yoga Mala . Nkhani zoyambirira zimatchedwa Yoga Chikitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti yoga mankhwala. Zimapangidwira kusintha msana, kutsegula thupi, ndi kumanga mphamvu, kusinthasintha, ndi mphamvu. Mndandanda wa ma positi 75 umatenga ola limodzi ndi hafu kwa maola awiri kuti amalize, kuyambira ndi mchere wa dzuwa ( surya namaskara A ndi surya namaskara B ) ndikupitirizabe kuimirira, atakhala pansi, akutsitsimutsa, komanso nthawi zina asanafike.
Mndandanda wamakono kapena wachiwiri amatchedwa Nadi Shodana, kutanthauza dongosolo lamanjenje loyeretsa. Icho chimatsuka ndi kulimbikitsa dongosolo la mitsempha ndi njira zowonongeka zamagetsi mu thupi lonse. Mndandandawu umangowonjezedwa pamene wophunzira akudziwa zoyambirira. Zimatsatira njira zomwezo (kuchenjeza dzuwa, kuimirira, kukhala ndi zina zotero) monga zochitika zoyambirira, koma zimayambitsa zatsopano komanso zosiyana.
Zigawo zinayi zoyambirirazi zimatchedwa Sthira Bhaga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti Mulungu amakhazikika. Pattabhi Jois poyamba adalongosola maulendo awiri apamwamba kwambiri, koma kenako adawagawa m'magawo anayi kuti awafikire anthu ambiri. Mndandandawu umatsindika miyeso yovuta komanso ndi yoyenera kwa ophunzira apamwamba kwambiri. Pali ophunzira owerengeka kwambiri omwe amatha kupitilira mndandanda wachiwiri.
Mipingo ya Ashtanga: Yotayidwa ndi Yodzikonda
Masewero ambiri a yoga amapereka maphunziro a Ashtanga, kutanthauza kuti mphunzitsi amatsogolera kalasi ndipo amaphunzitsa ophunzira kuti azitenga, nthawi zambiri pamndandanda wapamwamba kapena wachiwiri. Ophunzira kawirikawiri amatha kusankha okha kutsogolera, kapena machitidwe anga a Mysore . Uwu ndi mwayi wophunzira payekha komanso pamtundu wa luso lawo, koma palimodzi ndi ophunzira ena komanso ndi chilimbikitso ndi uphungu wa aphunzitsi, ngati pakufunikira.
Mu njira ya Mysore, wophunzirayo amachititsa kuti aliyense apange zofanana ndipo apatsidwa mwayi watsopano wogwira ntchito ndi aphunzitsi awo pamene akukonzekera. Ashtanga ukhoza kukhala maziko abwino a antchito a panyumba podziwa momwe zinthu zikuyendera.
Is Ashtanga Kwa Inu?
Ashtanga yoga ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndipo imapangitsa kuti ophunzira ake akhale okhulupirika kwambiri. Mchitidwe wamphamvuwu, wokonda maseĊµera amachititsa chidwi kwa iwo omwe amakonda kulingalira komanso omwe amakonda kuchita zinthu pawokha.
Otsogolera athu ku Ashtanga Vocabulary adzakuthandizani kuti mukhale omasuka ndi mawu otchuka a kalembedwe.