Ochita maseŵera pamlingo wopambana, kuphatikizapo olimpiki olemera olimpiki , omanga thupi, sprinters, marathoners ngakhale oponya mfuti ndi okwera mfuti, kutchula mayina angapo, akuyang'ana kuti apindule nawo.
Mapulogalamu a maphunziro ndi chida chofunika kwambiri kuti apangidwe bwino. Ngakhale zili choncho, ena othamanga amawoneka kuti akuwonjezera mwayi wawo wapikisano mwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoletsedwa.
Kuyesedwa kwa mankhwala kwa ochita masewera ndi opambana kwambiri masiku ano, ndipo kuyesera kwa dumbing kuyesedwa kudzadziwika, zomwe zimapangitsa wothamanga kukhala wosayenera. Komabe pamene kuyesa kusinkhasinkha kwakula, momwemonso kulimbikitsanso kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kuwotcha masewera, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupopera magazi, zowonongeka ndi zowonjezera mavitamini - ndi zina zambiri zomwe zimadziwika bwino zimatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwirizana ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena pofuna kupititsa masewera ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ngakhale kuyesa kumapereka chitsimikiziro cha mpikisano walamulo, nthawi zina machitidwe ena owonetsa doping sadzapita. M'munsimu muli mitundu yovomerezeka kwambiri ya mankhwala oletsedwa ogwira ntchito komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.
Zosakaniza Anabolic Steroids
Steroid ya Anabolic ndi otchuka pazochita zomwe zimakhala zochepa komanso mphamvu zogwira ntchito. Ngakhale kuti testosterone yachilengedwe ingafotokozedwe ngati wothandizira anabolic, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya steroid yakhala yotchuka ndi anthu ogwira ntchito.
Ma steroid ambiri ndi osavuta kuzindikira, ndipo kupewera amatsenga kumakhala kochepa kwambiri.
Chitsanzo: stanozolol.
Testosterone ndi Mafananidzi Ogwirizana
Testosterone ndi hormone yachimuna (ndi yachikazi). Testosterone ya thupi yowonjezera idzapereka zotsatira za anabolic. Mavitamini omwe amachititsa kuti testosterone yowonjezereka amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Oyesera mankhwala monga odalira pa "zigawo zachibadwa" chifukwa testosterone mwiniwake mwachibadwa akuchitika.
Zitsanzo: testosterone, DHEA.
Amphetamines ndi Zolimbikitsa Zina
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mchitidwe wamanjenje ndi nthawi zowonongeka zakhala zotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa zaka zambiri. Amphetamines mu mitundu yambiri ndi zinthu monga cocaine zomwe zimapangitsa zotsatira zofanana zofanana zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu masewera osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mpira wa njinga kupita ku njinga zamoto, kulemetsa ndi kupuma.
Chitsanzo: Dexedrine.
EPO ndi Magazi a Doping
Erythropoietin ndi EPO, mahomoni omwe amachititsa kupanga kachilombo kofiira (RBC), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uzipezeka m'thupi. Okosijeni yowonjezereka ikuwongolera ntchito, makamaka mu chipiriro chomwe chimakhala ngati marathons, triathlons, ndi kupirira kuthamanga masewera. Palinso zotsutsa za EPO zomwe zaletsedwa, koma izi zikhoza kukhala chitsimikizo cha mankhwala osokoneza ntchito osadziwika.
Zitsanzo: EPO, Cera.
Doping magazi ndizojambula ndi kupulumutsa magazi anu, kulola thupi lanu kubwezeretsa magazi anu, ndiyeno kuwonjezera magazi anu enieni kuti mupereke okosijeni owonjezera mphamvu, mofanana ndi EPO doping.
Diuretics ndi ena Masking Agents
Mukatenga steroids ndi mankhwala ena mosakayikira amachoka pamsewu omwe oyesa angapeze.
Njira imodzi yomwe mungayesere kupewa izi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito wothandizira wina omwe amachititsa kuti mkodzo uwonongeke. Tsopano, komabe oyesa amayang'ana otchedwa 'masking agents' komanso, kotero palibe kuthawa pokhapokha ngati masking agent diuretic isakanikiridwenso kapena kusakanikirana.
Chitsanzo: chlorthalidone (ndi zina zambiri).
Mafuta a Mafuta
Ichi ndi chochititsa chidwi. Zikuwoneka kuti zida zomwe zimalimbikitsa minofu pamtengo wa mafuta ndizofunikira. Dera limeneli lingakhale lopambana kwambiri, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda olemera omwe amachititsa kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito.
Chitsanzo: clenbuterol.
Kukula kwa mahomoni
Homoni ya kukula kwa anthu kapena HGH yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala othandizira kwa zaka zambiri ndi omanga thupi komanso posachedwapa ndi othamanga othamanga. HGH ndi chinthu chachibadwa chimene chimapangidwa ndi thupi. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kukula kwa ma hormone m'thupi amathandizanso ndi oyesa.
Chitsanzo: HGH.
Mavitamini a Peptide
Dziko lamtundu wa peptide, omwe ali mapuloteni ochepa kwambiri, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa hormone kukakamiza ndi kukonza thupi.
Chitsanzo: thymosin.
Odzibisa Beta
Ophwanya mabeta ndi kalasi ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu matenda a mtima ndi mankhwala a magazi. Amachepetsa mtima wa pansi kwambiri. Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga ophika mfuti, owombera, ndi mabiliyoni ambiri akuwagwiritsa ntchito kuti ayambe kuwombera.
Chitsanzo: propranolol.
Zinthu Zosiyana
Gululi limaphatikizapo mawotchi ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala oletsa anti-estrogen tamoxifen, omwe amawagwiritsira ntchito khansa ya m'mawere, agwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu kutsutsa zotsatira za estrogenic za anabolic steroids.
Kuchokera
Chiyeso Choyesa Mankhwala. 2013 Jan; 5 (1): 1-19. Kukambirana kwapadera kwa chaka ndi chaka: kuyesa njira zowonetsera mankhwala. Thevis M, Kuuranne T, Geyer H, Schänzer W.