FDA imachenjeza ena motsutsana ndi zakudya zina za nsomba
Mwachilungamo chonse, mitundu yambiri ya nsomba monga nsomba, shrimp, ndi cod zili ndi mercury yochepa. Kuwonjezera apo, kuopa kuti mafuta amadzimadzi amapezeka mu nsomba sizatsopano, ndipo, nsomba, nsomba ndi zowonjezera. Komabe, a FDA akukonzekera uphungu wake wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nsomba ndi amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, amayi akuyembekeza kutenga mimba ndi ana.
Makamaka, mabedi ndi ena ambiri amakhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yomwe mercury imatha kuwononga thupi lathu-makamaka zotsatira za fetus ndi ana aang'ono omwe akukula ndikukula.
Kodi Mercury Imapanga Motani M'kudya Zakudya Zam'madzi?
Mercury imalowa m'nyanja, nsomba, ndi nkhono.
Choyamba, mankhwala a zitsulo zamadzimadzi (Hg 0 ) omwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe (kuganiza kuti moto wa m'nkhalango kapena kuphulika kwa chiphalaphala) ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta (zowonongeka kwa mafuta) zimalowa m'mlengalenga. Kamodzi mu mlengalenga, mercury iyi imapangidwira kuti imapanga mercury yosavuta (Hg 2+ ) yomwe imabwerera kudziko lapansi ngati mvula. Mabakiteriya a m'madzi monga plankton methylates iyi mercury (yopanga MeHg + kapena methylmercury), ndipo izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a methylmercury mu lipids kapena mafuta a zinyama, akupanga njira yonse mpaka kukwera chakudya.
Nsomba zowonjezera nthawi yaitali pamwamba pa chakudya monga shark, swordfish, ndi mfumu mackerel zimatha kukhala ndi mercury yapamwamba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amayi apakati ndi ana omwe ali ndi machitidwe amanjenje makamaka.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mavithymercury Akuwopsa?
Mavitamini awiri omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi mercury komanso methylmercury bond ndi sulfure zomwe zimapezekanso m'mapulotesitanti. Kuwonjezera apo, mercury imapangitsa kuti maselo azikhala ovuta kwambiri (kuganiza zopangidwira zowonongeka kwaulere), kuthamanga ndi microtubules (kuganiza kusokoneza maselo osagawanika) ndipo kungayambitsenso ngozi yowonongeka.
Zoonadi, sitimvetsa bwino momwe mercury imatithandizira, koma zomwe tikudziwa zokhudza mercury poizoni ndi zoopsa.
Nazi njira zina zoipa zomwe methylmercury ingasokoneze ndi matupi athu:
- khungu
- cerebral palsy
- mavuto okula
- kulemala kwaumunthu
- kutopa
- kumva kutaya
- ataxia (kutaya mwadzidzidzi kuyanjana kwa minofu)
- kunjenjemera kwa minofu
- zosuntha
- Kufa ziwalo (ndi poizoni)
- imfa (ndi poizoni)
- matenda a mtima (kafukufuku wina watsopano akusonyeza kuti methylmercury ingapangitse kuti atherosclerosis)
Zindikirani, zina mwa izi zimakhudza mavuto a ubongo monga matenda a ubongo ndi mavuto okulirapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku fetus ndi ana. Momwemo, a FDA ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana othandizira zaumoyo apereka machenjezo enieni a anthuwa.
Ngakhale kuti mercury imadetsedwa ndi chiwindi ndi impso, imakhala ndi theka la moyo m'thupi. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zimatenga nthawi yaitali kuti tipewe mercury yowonjezera. Kuwonjezera apo, mankhwala a methylmercury amatha kutengeka kwambiri m'magazi a m'mimba ndipo ndi abwino kwambiri kudutsa malire a ubongo, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ubongo ndi msana zikhale zovuta kwambiri.
Kupha poizoni ndi mankhwala a methylmercury ndi osalongosoka, ndipo mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yoopsa ya poizoni ya mercury, chelation ndi emesis (kusanza) amalephera kuchotsa thupi lanu lolemera.
Ndipotu, kuteteza ndi njira yokhayo yomwe tithandiziranso ndi methylmercury. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, njira yabwino yothetsera poizoni wa methylmercury ndi kupewa kupezeka kwake poyamba.
Kodi Methylmercury mu Zakudya Zam'madzi Zimatanthauza Chiyani kwa Inu?
Monga momwe adanenera ndi a FDA ndi ena ambiri, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya cha m'nyanja ndi gwero labwino la mapulotini, mchere, ndi mavitamini. Komanso, nsomba zili ndi mafuta odzaza ndi omega-3 fatty acids. Ife tonse, ngakhale amayi omwe ali ndi pakati ndi ana aang'ono, tiyenera kuphatikizapo chakudya chamtundu wathanzi, choyenera komanso chopatsa thanzi.
Ndipotu, ndi malangizo awo posachedwapa, a FDA kwenikweni amalimbikitsa amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa ndi amayi akuyembekeza kutenga mimba kudya ma ola 8 mpaka 12 pa sabata, ndipo ana a zaka zoyambira 2 mpaka 8 ayenera kudya ma ola 3 mpaka 6.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, anthu oterowo ayenera kudya pafupifupi 2 mpaka 3 malonda a nsomba pa sabata.
Komabe, a FDA akulangiza amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, amayi akuyembekezera kutenga mimba ndi ana kuti adye nsomba zomwe zimakhala zochepa m'magulu a methylmercury monga tilapia, fishfish, ndi cod. Komanso, mafinya amalimbikitsa kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi shark, swordfish, mfumu mackerel ndi tilefish zomwe zinagwidwa ku Gulf Coast. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu omwe amadya nsomba m'madzi amadzi a m'madzi ayenera kumvera malangizo a m'deralo za ma mercury ndipo azikhala osamala ndi nsomba zochokera m'madera opanda malangizo.
Komabe, ngakhale kuti FDA imatulutsa nsomba zazing'anga zowonongeka ngati za mercury, izi zikutsutsana ndi akatswiri ambiri omwe amachenjeza amayi ake ndi ana ena kuti asakhale ndi tuna.
Chonde kumbukirani kuti ngakhale ndakhala ndikugawana nanu mpaka pano, malangizo a FDA ndi malangizo okha. Ndizochepa kwambiri kuti kuchepa kwazomwe zimakhala ndi vuto la nsomba kudzachititsa kuti poizoni azikhala poizoni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi pakati kapena akuyamwitsa ndipo mumathamanga ndikudya nsomba za nsomba zam'madzi nthawi ya brunch ya Valentine ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wanu, simukufunikira kutuluka. Yesetsani kukhala kutali ndi nsomba zotere nthawi zambiri ndikuchepetsanso nsomba kwa sabata yonse-mfundo yomwe FDA imapanga, nayenso.
Ngakhale kuti ndimadera nkhaŵa zokhudzana ndi zakudya zam'madzi, ambiri a ku America amakhalabe ndi mercury m'matupi awo-ngakhale pakati pa anthu omwe amadya nsomba zamadzi, nsomba zambiri kuposa nsomba, kapena zonsezi. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wina wam'mbuyomu adawerengetsa chiwerengero cha anthu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi EPA magazi ndi mercury omwe amawoneka kuti ndi owopsa (wamkulu kapena wofanana ndi 5,8 micrograms pa lita) pa 4.6 peresenti. Komanso, kufufuza kwina kwakukulu kunanena kuti ndi azimayi 0,5 peresenti ya achinyamata a zaka zapakati pa 1 ndi 19 omwe amalembedwa pazigawo za magazi mercury.
Zosankha Zosankhidwa
Byrns MC, Penning TM. Chaputala 67. Kuwopsa Kwachilengedwe: Mavitamini ndi Zida Zolimba. Mu: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Basic Pharmacological Therapeutics, 12e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2011.
"Kuphunzira Kwambiri Kwambiri kwa Mercury Kuwonetsera Kogwirizana ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Nsomba Zowona Zakudya Zam'madzi Kuchokera M'nyumba Yam'madzi Kumidzi ya South Central USA" ndi Z Dong ndi alembi omwe anafalitsidwa mu Environmental Research mu 2015.
"Kudya Nsomba Kapena Kusadya Nsomba" ndi R Nelson kuchokera ku AJN yofalitsidwa mu 2015.
"Zambiri kuposa Achinyamata a ku United States Amadya Zakudya Zam'madzi ndi Ambiri Amakhala ndi Maganizo a Mercury Magazi Pansi pa EPA Reference Level, 2009-2012" ndi SJ Nielsen ndi olemba mabuku omwe amafalitsidwa mu Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Epidemiology .