Zoona Zake Zimayambitsa Vuto Lanu la Kudwala
Mu miyoyo yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku, ambiri a ife sitikudandaula kuti chakudya chathu ndi chitetezo chotani. Ndi lingaliro losokoneza kuti chinachake chomwe timadalira kukhala wathanzi ndi wathanzi chingatilepheretse kapena kupha ife. Koma matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya akhoza kupanga ngakhale zipatso zabwino kwambiri, mazira, ndi nyama zowononga. Nanga chakudya chathu ndi chotetezeka bwanji?
Zomwe Uthenga Wabwino Ukutiuza Kukhudza Chakudya Chakudya
Pakadwala matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya, nthawi yomweyo amalandira mitu ya nkhani ndi makasitomala kulikonse.
M'chilimwe cha 2011, kuphulika kwa Listeriosis komwe kunachitika pambuyo pa cantaloupe kuchokera ku famu ya Colorado kunapha anthu 30 ndi anthu ambiri odwala. Mu April 2012, anthu 425 a ku America anapeza Salmonella kuchokera ku US Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Malo oopsa a m'nyumba yosungirako mapeyala ku Baxley, ku Georgia komwe kunayambitsa matenda aakulu a Salmonella omwe anapha anthu asanu ndi anayi ndi ena 691 odwala m'mayiko 46 mu 2008-2009 anali phokoso lachidziwitso cha chitetezo cha zakudya pazakudya makampani.
Mitu imeneyo ili chabe pamphepete mwa nyanja. Ulendo wofulumira ku webusaiti ya CDC kuti ukhale ndi lipoti lonse akhoza kukuopsezani kuti mukhale ndi zakudya zamadzi. Koma ndi kangati anthu amadwala ndi chakudya?
Chakudya Choona Chakudya Chakudya Chakudya Chakudya
CDC ikulingalira kuti pafupifupi 1 amodzi pa 6 Achimerika amadwala kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe amadya chaka chilichonse.
Mwa anthuwa, pafupifupi 128,000 ali m'zipatala ndipo 3,000 amafa. Ngakhale kuti ziŵerengero zimenezi sizowopsya kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri, tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino.
Tsiku lirilonse, chakudya choposa 1 biliyoni chimatumizidwa ku America, chomwe chimapitirira 400 biliyoni pachaka. Malingana ndi zowerengera za matenda a CDC, chakudya chimodzi chokha cha 133,333,333 chimene mukudyako chikhoza kukupha.
Ndilo mlingo wa .0000000075 peresenti. Muli ndi mwayi wochuluka kuti mupambane loti. Malingana ndi National Weather Service, kuti mukupha ndi mphezi mu chaka chilichonse ndi 1 pa 775,000. Ngakhale zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda anu okhudzidwa ndi zakudya zimakukondani, chifukwa chakuti pangokhala pangozi nthawi zonse zimakhala ngati kuyitanitsa ntchito zamalonda.
Dr. Bob Whitaker, mkulu wa sayansi ya sayansi ya Washington, DC-Based Produce Marketing Association (PMA), bungwe lapadziko lonse la zamalonda lomwe likuyimira alimi ndi anthu ogulitsa chakudya, ndipo ali pulezidenti wa Research and Technology Council of the Center for Produce Safety ku University of California-Davis amavomereza. "Ngati ndiwe amene amadwala, simusamala za anthu ena 100 miliyoni omwe sanatero. Ife [mu mafakitale] tikufuna kuti tizidziwa nthawizonse izo. Munthu mmodzi akudwala kwambiri ndipo ndicho chifukwa chake tikupitirizabe kuyesetsa tsiku lililonse. "
Mipingo Imakhudzidwa ndi Kutetezedwa Chakudya
"Ndikuganiza kuti chakudya chathu chimakhala chitetezeka," akutero Dr. Whitaker. "Mukayang'ana manambala a anthu omwe tikudyetsa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, nyama ndi mkaka ndi nkhuku ndikupanga, ndikuganiza kuti tili ndi chakudya choyenera.
Tili ndi luso lamakono lamakono kuposa kale lonse. "Koma sizatsopano zamakono zothandizira kupititsa patsogolo kupititsa patsogolo chakudya cha chitetezo, komanso ntchito ya mabungwe olamulira, boma la US, ndi mafakitale omwe ali nawo.
Mwachitsanzo, makampani a nyama adakakamizidwa ndi Congress kuti ayambe kuyeretsa ntchito muzaka za m'ma 1990, kutuluka kwa Britain kuphulika kwa mimba ya ng'ombe ya mimba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980. Omwe akupanga US nkhumba, ng'ombe, nkhuku, ndi nyama zina nthawi zonse amapatsidwa - ndipo kawirikawiri amakumana - miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera ku mabungwe olamulira a US.
Nkhokwe zatsopano , pambali inayo, ndizodziwikiratu zokhazokha.
Ngakhale kuti pali malamulo otetezeka a boma m'malo mwake - ndipo ambiri akubwera kudzera ku malamulo a chitetezo cha chakudya Congress ikutha kutsogolo kwa msewu kwa zaka zingapo zapitazi - atatha kuyang'ana makampani a nyama akulimbana ndi makina osatha a tepi lofiira, kuwala ndikuyamba kuyambitsa zinthu zotetezeka.
Kuphatikiza pa malamulo a chitetezo cha zakudya, ogula amakhala ndi dzanja poonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyendera bwino nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ambiri ogulitsira malonda, ogula malonda, ndi ogulitsa chakudya (monga malo ogulitsa, zipatala, sukulu, ndi zina zotero) amafuna mankhwala kuchokera m'mapulasita ndi ma packinghouses kuti awonetseredwe ndi kutsimikiziridwa osati ndi Dipatimenti ya Ulimi ya US koma ndi odziimira okha, achitatu oyang'anira, monga Primus Labs.
Zakudya Zatsopano Zosungira Zakudya ndi Technology
Pokhala ndi a PMA akutsogolera, malondawo mwa 2008 adalandira mwachangu Produce Traceability Initiative, yomwe ndi zochitika zazikulu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupanga zokolola zonse zogulitsidwa m'misika ya ku America kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya chokhazikika pamzere umene unakula. Ngakhale kuti zowonjezera zowonjezera chakudya ndizo (ndipo nthawi zonse zidzakhala) cholinga chachikulu, kukonzanso njira monga kutsatila kudzakhala kofunika chifukwa ziribe kanthu momwe ntchitoyi ilili, ngozi zidzachitikabe. Pozindikira nthawi yomweyo vuto la vuto, kufalikira kwake kungalephereke ndipo zotsatira zake zoipa zimakhala zochepa.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri: Kodi Zakudya Zathu N'zotetezeka Motani?
"Koposa zonse, anthu omwe amakula ndi kupanga zinthu zimenezi ndi ogula okha," akutero Dr. Whitaker. "Ndi chakudya. Nthawi zina mumatha kuiwala. Ndikofunika kudzikumbutsa nthawi zonse ndikukhala maso nthaŵi zonse. Ndikuganiza kuti mafakitalewa adakweza kwambiri chitetezo cha zakudya ku malo ofunikira omwe ali osowa kwambiri. Sitingathe kuthetsa matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya, koma ndikuganiza kuti tingathe kuchepetsa mavuto awo. "