Zakudya zomwe mukusowa kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino zimatsekedwa mu zakudya zomwe mumadya kotero ndi ntchito yanu yopatsa chakudya kuti muwamasule. Pochita chimbudzi, chakudya chimadulidwa kukhala tizilombo tating'ono ting'onoting'ono kuti tizilombo tingathe kumasulidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakhoma la m'mimba.
Zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuti chakudya chikhale chokha, ndiye kuti mapuloteni apadera kwambiri amatha kufulumira.
Mavitaminiwa samangotsutsana ndi zakudya zonse; iwo ali kwenikweni apadera kwambiri. Ena amapita ndi chakudya , ena amaswa mafuta, ndipo ena amathyola mapuloteni. Enzyme iliyonse imakhala ndi zochita zinazake.
Mavitamini ambiri amamasulidwa ndikugwira ntchito m'matumbo anu aang'ono, koma ena mwa iwo amamasulidwa kuchokera kumagulu m'kamwa mwako ndi m'mimba.
Mankhwala a Main Digestive
Pano pali mavitamini apamwamba opangira digestive, kumene amapangidwa, ndi zomwe akuchita:
Salivary amylase. Kupangidwa ndi kutulutsidwa ndi zilonda zam'kamwa m'kamwa mwanu. Salivary amylase amaswa wowuma mpaka mitsempha yayifupi ya mamolekyu a shuga. Zimagwira pakamwa, koma pamene chakudya chifika pamimba mwako, pH acidic imaisintha.
Lingual lipase. Wopangidwa ndi zilonda za serous m'chinenero chako ndi kumbuyo kwa pakamwa pako. Lingual lipase amagwira ntchito pakamwa ndi mmimba. Amathyola triacylglycerols (mafuta) m'kati mwake.
Pepsin. Matenda a m'mimba oyambirira m'mimba.
Maselo aakulu m'mimba amapanga pepsinogen, yomwe imasandulika kukhala pepsin ndi chilengedwe cha asidi m'mimba. Pepsin amapumula mapuloteni mpaka polypeptides ndi amino acid.
Gastric lipase. Matenda ena am'mimba opangidwa ndi m'mimba. Zili zofanana ndi lipase, koma imaphwanya ma triacylglycerols ochepa komanso ochepa.
Lingual ndi gastric lipase ndizofunika kwambiri paunyamata chifukwa amathyola mafuta omwe amapezeka mkaka wa mayi.
Pancreatic amylase. Enzyme imeneyi imapangidwa ndi makoswe ndipo imatumizidwa m'matumbo aang'ono. Mafinya amadzimadzi amathyola miyendo yochepa ya shuga ndi maltose.
Pancreatic lipase . Enzyme ina yopanga pentikiti yomwe inapangidwira ndi kubisala m'matumbo aang'ono. Pancreatic lipase imachotsa triacylglycerols kupita ku diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, ndi mafuta a mafuta owonjezera ndi glycerol.
Trypsin ndi chymotrypsin. Mapuloteni awiri a pancreatic amathyola mapuloteni. Amaphwanya mapuloteni ndi polypeptides kukhala ochepa poti polypeptides.
Peptidases. Mavitamini ameneĊµa amapezeka makamaka m'matumbo aang'ono, kupatula imodzi (carboxypeptidase), yomwe imapangidwanso ndi makoswe. Ma peptidases amagwira ntchito m'matumbo aang'ono ndikuyesa kumene tsamba la trypsins ndi pepsin limasiya kuchepetsa polypeptides kupita ku amino acid.
Mavitamini a shuga. Mavitamini anai onsewa amapangidwa ndi kumasulidwa ndi maselo m'kati mwa matumbo aang'ono. Enzyme iliyonse imagwira ntchito ya shuga wosiyanasiyana:
- Sungani. Kuswa shuga (tebulo shuga) mu shuga ndi fructose.
- Lactase. Izi zimathyola lactose (shuga wa mkaka) kulowa mu shuga ndi galactose.
- Maltase. Kuthetsa maltose mu shuga.
- Dextrinase. Amathyola mitsempha ya shuga m'magawo ena a shuga.
Zotsatira:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Zakudya Zapamwamba ndi Mankhwala a Metabolism." Sitifiketi Chachisanu ndi chimodzi. Belmont, CA Kampani Yotsindikiza ya Wadsworth, 2013.
Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Chakudya: Sayansi ndi Mapulogalamu." Kusintha kwachitatu. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.
Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ku United States, National Diseases Clearinghouse (NDDIC). "Njira Yanu Yopangira ndi Momwe Imagwirira Ntchito." http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx.