Amwenye akuoneka kuti ali ndi chiyanjano cha chidani ndi mayonesi. Ndizovuta kwambiri kugulitsa kumpoto kwa America, ndipo ali ndi zakudya zambiri za ku America, masangweji ndi saladi kuti asatayike mazira ndi msuzi wa tartar. Koma mayonesi wakhala akupeza mbiri yoipa.
Akatswiri ena azachipatala amati mayonesi ndi ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zophweka zamakono ndi mafuta kuti muwonjezere mwamsanga pamene simusamalire kukula kwa magawo.
Ena amadandaula kuti mayonesi amasiyidwa angakhale otentha kwa mabakiteriya. Ena alibe vuto ndi mayonesi kupatulapo maonekedwe ake.
Kodi choonadi chokhudza mayonesi ndi chiyani? Kodi ndizoipadi? Choonadi ndi, "zimadalira." Ndipo, posankha mosamala, kukonzekera, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito moyenera, mayonesi angakhale othandizira kuwonjezera zakudya za carb.
Pofuna kuti mukhale omasuka, American Heart Association ili ndi njira yokonza mayonesi, ndipo American American Diabetes Association ili ndi maphikidwe kuphatikizapo mayonesi m'makonzedwe ake odyetsera zakudya. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma kuchepetsa nthawi zonse ndikofunika.
Kodi Mayonesi Ndi Chiyani?
Mayonesi ndi chinthu chamatsenga. Kukongola kwa mayonesi ndi momwe madzi amadzimadzi awiri amasonkhana palimodzi kuti apange mawonekedwe owoneka, koma olimba. Mayo ndi mafuta onse, kuphatikizapo dzira yolk, pang'ono ndi madzi obiriwira, monga madzi a mandimu kapena viniga, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mpiru. Ndizomwe zimakhala zakuda, zonunkhira, zowonjezera emulsion.
Emulsion ndi gawo lamatsenga. Mayonesi amapangidwa kukhala olimba chifukwa cha emulsification, yomwe ndi njira yogwirizanitsa zinthu ziwiri zomwe sizikanakhoza kusakanikirana, monga mafuta ndi madzi.
Sayansi Yachilengedwe
Kuti emulsification ichitike, pali emulsifier, panopa, dzira yolk, kubweretsa pamodzi hydrophilic (madzi okonda) chigawo ndi lipophilic (okonda mafuta) chigawo.
Emulsifier imamanga madzi a mandimu kapena vinyo wosasa ndi mafuta ndipo salola kuti kupatukana kuchitike, ndipo kumatulutsa mpweya wabwino. Mu ma mayonesi omwe amadzipangira okhaokha , amadzimadziwa amakhala a lecithin ochokera ku dzira la dzira komanso chinthu chofanana ndi mpiru. Mankhwala a mayonesi akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya emulsifiers ndi stabilizers.
Kodi Choipa N'chiyani?
Kudandaula kwakukulu pa mayonesi nthawi zambiri kumakhala chinthu chimodzi chodzaza mafuta. Ngakhale kuti mafutawa amakhala opangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri, sikuti amapangidwira ndi mafuta odzaza, chifukwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta odzola.
Chinthu china chodandaula ndi chiwerengero cha ma calories omwe mayonesi ali nawo: makilogalamu 100 pa supuni. Komabe, olemba omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino omwe amadandaula za makilogalamu a mayonesi amalimbikitsanso maolivi kukhala njira yathanzi. Olive mafuta mayo amakhalanso ndi mafuta ambiri monga mayonesi ndi zina zambiri: makilogalamu 124 pa supuni.
Mafuta a Mafuta
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pafupifupi mafuta aliwonse odyera angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mayonesi, kotero mafutawo ndi omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale labwino.
Ku United States, mayonesi ambiri amalonda amapangidwa ndi mafuta a soya, omwe akatswiri ena amamva kuti ndi ovuta chifukwa cha mafuta ake omega-6.
Mayonnaise ogulitsa malonda kwambiri ku US ndi chizindikiro cha Hellman kummawa ndi Best Foods kumadzulo. Makampani amenewo amagulitsa mayo opangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta a soya ku US ndi mafuta a canola ku Canada. Mafuta a canola ali ndi mafuta omega-6 ochepa kwambiri kuposa mafuta a soya.
Ngati mukupanga mayonesi nokha, mungagwiritse ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa mafuta omwe mukufuna, kuphatikizapo mafuta a maolivi.
Nanga Bwanji Bakiteriya?
Kuda nkhaŵa za mabakiteriya mu mayonesi kumadalira kwambiri kuti chodziŵika chochita mayonesi chimapangidwa ndi yaiwisi dzira yolk. Mankhwala a mayonesi siwovuta chifukwa amapangidwa ndi mazira osakanizidwa ndipo amapangidwa m'njira yotetezera.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti saladi ya mbatata inakupangitsani kuti mukhale odwala, mwina simungakhale osowa omwe anali ochimwa. Ma mayonesi onse ndi acidic, omwe amathandizanso kuti mabakiteriya asatengedwe.
Mankhwala a mayonesi angathandize kuthana ndi kukula kwa bakiteriya mu zakudya, ngakhale kulimbikitsidwa kuti tipitirize kutsatira ndondomeko ya chitetezo cha chakudya pa firiji.
Mankhwala ovomerezeka omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino a asidi ndipo ali ndi maola awiri a "kugwira nthawi" musanafike firiji yoyamba ali ndi mabakiteriya ochepa kwambiri. Koma kenako, iyenera kusungidwa firiji.
Nanga bwanji za kuchepetsa-mafuta mayonesi?
Mafuta ochepa mumayonnaise, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwa kuti azipangidwe bwino. Zosakaniza ndi shuga ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimawonjezeredwa. Komabe, ngati makilogalamu akukufunirani, mungamve kuti malondawa ndi ofunika.
> Chitsime:
> Sm, R. (2000) Microbiological Chitetezo cha Mayonesi, Salad Dressings, ndi Sauces Zapangidwa ku United States: Kubwereza. J Food Prot. 63 (8): 1144-53.