Biomechanics ndi sayansi ya kuyenda kwa thupi lamoyo, kuphatikizapo momwe minofu, mafupa, tendon ndi mitsempha zimagwirira ntchito palimodzi kuti zipangitse kuyenda. Biomechanics ndi mbali ya malo opangira zinthu zakuthambo, makamaka kuganizira za kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Zonsezi ndizomwe zasayansi ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo kufufuza ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zenizeni zake.
Zamoyo zamakono zimaphatikizapo osati mawonekedwe a mafupa ndi minofu ndi kayendetsedwe komwe angatuluke, komanso mawonekedwe a magazi, ntchito yamagazi, ndi ntchito zina za thupi. Bungwe la American Society of Biomechanics limanena kuti biomechanics imasonyeza kusinthasintha pakati pa makina ndi zamoyo. Biometchanics sikuti imangophunzira thupi laumunthu komanso nyama komanso ngakhale kumera kwa zomera komanso kugwira ntchito mkati mwa maselo.
Zitsanzo: Zojambula zamoyo za squat zimaphatikizapo kulingalira za malo ndi / kapena kuyenda kwa mapazi, chiuno, mawondo, kumbuyo ndi mapewa ndi manja.
Zinthu za Biomechanics
- Statics: Kufufuza njira zomwe zili zofanana, kaya kupumula kapena kusuntha nthawi zonse.
- Mphamvu: Kuphunzira njira zomwe zikuyenda mofulumira ndi kuchepetsa.
- Kinematics: Pofotokoza zotsatira za mphamvu pa dongosolo, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kamene kakuphatikizapo kusintha kwapakati pazowonjezereka. Udindo, kuthamangitsidwa, kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga ndi maphunziro.
- Kinetics: Kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa kuyendetsa, mphamvu ndi nthawi pantchito.
Masewera Achilengedwe
Masewera a masewera a masewera amapenda maulendo a anthu pa masewero olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera. Physics ndi malamulo a makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masewera.
- Mankhwala a biomechanics angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa anthu payekha, kuyesa kayendetsedwe kawo ndi kuwaphunzitsa kuti azitha kuyenda bwino nthawi yochita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuthamanga kwa munthu payekha kapena kujambula kwa galasi kumatha kujambula ndi ndondomeko zopangidwira kuti zisinthe ndikuzikonza.
- Zamoyo zamakono zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga masewera a masewera, zovala, nsapato, ndi malo komanso malo omwe masewera amasewera. Nsapato ingapangidwe kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri kwa mtunda wapakati wamtunda kapena phokoso labwino kwambiri.
- Zamoyo zamakono zimatha kuphunzira njira zamasewera ndi machitidwe ophunzitsira ndikupanga njira zowonjezera bwino. Izi zingaphatikizepo kufufuza kwakukulu ku momwe dzanja limanenera kuyendetsa kusambira. Ikhoza kukonzekera ndi kufufuza njira zatsopano zophunzitsira zogwirizana ndi zofuna zamagetsi zamasewera, n'cholinga choti ntchitoyi ikhale yabwino.
- Biomechanics ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophunzira zifukwa, chithandizo, ndi kupewa ngozi za masewera. Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku amawonetsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zomwe zingayambitse minofu ndi momwe kapangidwe ka nsapato kapena masewerawo angachepetsere ngozi.
Ntchito mu Biomechanics
Zapadera zamkati mwa biomechanics zikuphatikizapo:
- Sayansi ya Zamoyo: Zofufuza za anthu, nyama, maselo ndi zomera zamoyo.
- Masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi masewera a sayansi: Kugwiritsa ntchito zamoyo zamakono kuntchito ya anthu mu masewera.
- Sayansi ya zaumoyo: Kufufuzira kumayambitsa, kuchiza ndi kupewa chovulaza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zamoyo zamakono kuti apange mapulogalamu ndi zida zothandizira.
- Ergonomics ndi Zochitika za Anthu: Kugwiritsa ntchito biomechanics kumakina a makina a anthu, malo ogwira ntchito ndi mapangidwe ogwira ntchito.
- Engineering ndi Applied Science
A masters a sayansi kapena doctorate mu kinesiology akhoza kutsogolera ntchito mu biomechanics munda, monga kafukufuku ndi mapangidwe ndi makampani a masewera, kufufuza masewera ndi kuyesa, kuyezetsa malo ogwira ntchito ndi kupanga mapangidwe a interfaces pakati pa anthu ndi zipangizo.
Wophunzira za zamoyo zamatsenga adzachita zochitika mufizikiki, biology, anatomy, physiology, masamu ndi ziwerengero. Zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphatikizapo magetsi, magetsi opanga mafilimu, makina opanga mafilimu, makina othandizira, accelerometers, mapulogalamu amphamvu, opopotometers, mapulogalamu a pakompyuta komanso mapulogalamu.
Professional Associations kwa Biomechanics
- Sungwe Ladziko Lonse la Biomechanics
- American Society of Biomechanics
- Bungwe Ladziko Lonse la Biomechanics mu Masewera