Maseŵera Oopsa Amakhudza Maseŵera a Hormone
Masewera olimbitsa thupi ayamba kutchuka kwambiri. M'nkhani ina yotchedwa "Masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi abwino pa thanzi lanu: Kutsimikizika kwamtundu wa mantha ndi nkhawa mu masewera ovuta kwambiri," Brymer ndi Schweitzer amafotokoza masewera oopsa "ngati zosangalatsa zochita zosasamala zomwe zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za kulakwa kosayenera kapena ngozi ndi imfa. "
Kafukufuku wamakono wapangidwa kuti athetse mavuto a mahomoni okhudza masewera oopsa.
Komanso, sizikudziwika bwino kuti masewera oopsa kwambiri amakhala ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, tiyeni tiwone kafukufuku wochepa omwe amaphunzira za reactivity ya masewera oopsa kwambiri.
Bungee Jumping
Mu phunziro la 2014 lomwe linatchedwa "Acute Stress Elicited by Bungee Jumping Suppresses Human Innate Immunication," Van Westerloo ndi anzake adapeza kuti bulue likudumpha kuchuluka kwa cortisol ndi catecholamines.
Catecholamines amatanthawuza za mitsempha ya mitsempha, yomwe ili yofunikira mu mayankho okhudzidwa. Maseŵera akuluakulu a kachokulamini amachititsa kuwonjezereka kwa magazi, kupweteka mutu, kutukuta, kupweteka mtima, kupweteka pachifuwa, ndi nkhawa. Dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), ndi norepinephrine (noradrenaline) onse ndi makatachi.
Cholinga cha phunziro lino, chinali kudziwa ngati vuto lalikulu lopanikizika-bungee-suppressed-key inflammatory response likanakhudza pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chitayankha matenda.
M'mawu ena, ochita kafukufuku anafufuza mphamvu za maselo oyera (ma leukocytes) kuti azikhala osakanikirana ndi kutentha mabakiteriya (ie, kumasulidwa kwa cytokines ndi phagocytose, motero).
Pofika pamapeto pake, ochita kafukufukuwo adatulutsa hafu ya bungee jumpers ndi propanol, yomwe imakhala beta-blocker, motero kusokoneza zotsatira za makatachila m'thupi.
Anapeza kuti kutetezedwa ku chitetezo cha mthupi kumayambitsa matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a catecholamines. Chochititsa chidwi, ngakhale kuti kuwerengeka kwa lekocyte kuwonjezeka panthawi yophunzira, ma leukocytewa anali osamvera.
M'malo mogonjetsedwa mosavuta ndi ma catecholamines, zikuwoneka kuti atatha kupanikizika kwambiri ndi glucocorticoids monga cortisol imateteza chitetezo cha mthupi kudzera mu njira za nongenomic zomwe zili mofulumira kwambiri kusiyana ndi kulembedwa kwa DNA. Njira zokhudzana ndi nongenomic zimayambanso kuthandizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chotenga matenda a glucocorticoids monga prednisone.
Pomalizira, kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti kuwonjezereka kwawombera kumakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwa endorphins. Kuwonjezeka kwa endorphins kumayambitsa "kuthamanga" kapena "kukwera."
Kukwera miyala
Mitundu ya Kukula kwa Mwala
Pogwiritsa ntchito luso lopanda miyala, njira imene wokwerayo akukwera ndi yofunika kwambiri. Panyengo yoyera, wokwerayo amayenda kusamuka popanda kuthandizidwa-palibe kupachikidwa, kugwa, kapena kukoka pa zipangizo kuti apindule.
Pokwera kutsogolo, wokwerayo amamangirira chingwe muzitsulo zotetezera pazitsulo motero amapanga mpweya woyera. Mwinanso, kukwera kwazitali kumaphatikizapo chingwe chomwe chili pamtunda pamwamba pa phirili.
Chingwe ichi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi ya kukwera. Muwiri kukwera kwa thanthwe, chingwe chimateteza wodutsayo kuti asagwe.
Kukwera kutsogolo ndi kovuta kwambiri kuposa kukwera chingwe. Kukwera kutsogolo ndikutamandidwa kwambiri ndi okwera mapiri. Kukwera kwazitali kumapangidwa ndi oyamba kumene komanso oyendetsa masewerawa panthawiyi.
Yankho la mahomoni
Pa kafukufuku wotchedwa "Hormone mayankho ku kukwera kwa miyala mowonjezereka mwa amuna," Sherk ndi olemba anzawo anayeza kuchuluka kwa testosterone, kukula kwa hormone, ndi cortisol mumnyamata 10 wamnyamata akunyamula miyala pamene iwo anakwera pamwamba pa kukwera kwa 55 ° pitani kwa mphindi 30.
Chofunika kwambiri chinali chakuti chingwechi chinali pamwamba.
Ophunzira ogwira miyala mwatsamba anali osachepera pamsinkhu wa luso, mwachidziwitso bwino, komanso opanda chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu kapena mphumu. Anthu okwererapo sanatenge mankhwala a corticosteroid ..
Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti kukwera kwa thanthwe kunapangitsa kuti testosterone ya plasma ndi mapiritsi a kukula zisinthe koma panalibe kusintha komwe kumachitika mu cortisol. Testosterone ndi hormone ya kukula imathandizira kuyambitsidwa kwa minofu yowonda, ndipo cortisol imalimbikitsa kupasuka kwa mapuloteni. Komanso, kukula kwa hormone ndi cortisol kumawonjezeka panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pokhapokha palibe kusintha kwa cortisol, zotsatira za kafukufuku wamakono zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wapitawo. Malingana ndi olembawo:
Testosterone, cortisol, ndi GH [kukula hormone] zonse zasonyezedwa m'maphunziro ambiri kuti ziwonjezeke pambuyo poti asamaphunzire kukaniza komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwa amuna, ndi mahomoni ndi kukula kwa malingana ndi zinthu monga zaka, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso nthawi yaitali.
Akatswiriwa amanena kuti anthu okwera phirili amachulukanso kwambiri m'magulu a catecholamines monga adrenaline. Pa kukwera, okwererapo anawona kuwonjezeka kwa nkhaŵa poyerekeza ndi vuto la kukwera. Ochita kafukufuku ananenanso kuti:
Kutalika kwa pulogalamuyi kunayambitsa matenda a mtima, omwe angagwirizane ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwakukulu, mwinamwake kumawonjezeka m'magulu a catecholamine, kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya sitiroko, kapena kuwonjezeka kwa mtima wamtima kuchokera ku chigawo chapamwamba cha thupi.
Skydiving
N'zosadabwitsa kuti kudumpha kuchoka mu ndege ndi parachute ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamaphunzire za sayansi. Pambuyo pake, anthu okwera pamwamba amawatsimikizira kuti akhoza kufa chifukwa cha kuthamangira kwadzidzidzi.
Ngakhale kuti skydiving ndizochitika pamaganizo, kuthamanga kwapakati pa msinkhu ndikumasokoneza thupi, komwe kumasinthiratu kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo kumapangitsa mpweya wa cortisol ndi catecholamine.
Phunziro lomwe linatchedwa "Hormonal Responses to Psychological Stress in Men Preparing for Skydiving," Chatterton ndi anzake adagwira ntchito odzipereka 26 kuti ayesedwe kuti adziwe mayankho a maganizo ndi mahomoni pa nthawi yoyamba. Ambiri a zaka zam'mbuyomu anali ndi zaka 26.4 ndipo zonse zakuthambo zinali zathanzi. Kuwonjezera pa gulu ili loyesera, gulu lolamulira-lomwe silinayende skydiving-linayesedwanso.
Pano pali momwe mawonekedwe am'mlengalenga amachitira ndi kulumpha:
- Kuwonjezeka m'maseŵera a cortisol
- Kuwonjezeka m'magulu a catecholamine
- Kuchuluka kwa ma prolactin
- Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni okula
- Kuwonjezereka m'maganizo (osadumpha)
- Pewani m'magulu a testosterone
Zolemba, cortisol, hormone ya kukula, catecholamines, ndi prolactin ndizo mahomoni opanikizika. Mahomoni amenewa amafunika kuwonjezeka mofanana ndi nkhawa zomwe zimafunikira komanso zamagetsi.
Kusunga
Kupita kumapita maina osiyanasiyana, monga spelunking ndi potholing. Zimaphatikizapo kufufuza machitidwe a mapanga osasokonezeka. Kuwathandiza okondana ayenera kuthana ndi zovuta zazing'ono, zoopsa za madzi, ndi zovuta. Ngakhale ena a spelunkers amatsutsana ndi kugawa nthawi ngati "masewera oopsa" -kuwonetsera kuti chitetezo ndicho chofunikira kwambiri-kulandira kungakhale koopsa.
Taganizirani ndondomeko yotsatirayi ya Stenner ndi alembi omwe analemba nawo papepala la 2007 lomwe limatchedwa "Hormonal responses to a long time investigating in the ca 700 m depth":
Mosiyana ndi masewera ena oopsa, alpine potholing stress awa ali panthaŵi imodzimodziyo. Ndipotu, anthu ambiri amatha kupuma kwa maola 20 kapena kuposa, osasinthasintha, kuvala chikwangwani chokwera kumapazi, kumalo ozizira ndi ozizira, ndipo mwachionekere, mumdima. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi zowonongeka, HPA [hypothalamus-pituitary adrenocortical], HP [hypothalamus-pituitary] ndi HPT [hypothalamus-pituitary thyroid] zikhoza kuyembekezera, ndipo pakuyesera izi mayankho akhala kufufuza pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi: seramu kukula hormone (GH), cortisol, mahomoni otulutsa kanseri (TSH), ufulu wa triiodothyronine (FT3) ndi free thyroxine (FT4).
Mu phunziro ili, Stenner ndi anzake adayesa kuyankha kwa mahomoni kuti adziwe pakati pa anthu asanu omwe ali ndi vutoli. Kusintha kwa ma hormone kumabwera chifukwa cha kulimbikitsa machitidwe a HPA, HP, ndi HPT. Ofufuzawa anapeza kuti cortisol, hormone ya kukula, ndi maulendo a free throxine onse owonjezeka yachiwiri kufika pa maola 20 akuyendayenda.
Zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, zotsatira za phunziroli zikuwonetsa kuti kupsyinjika kwakukulu kwa thupi ndi m'maganizo za kufooka kwa ma hormone. Ndipotu, ochita kafukufuku amaganiza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa thyroxine yaulere kunachitika chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta a mafuta, zomwe ndi zachilendo pazochita zolimbitsa thupi.
Kodi Kusintha kwa Hormone Kumatanthauza Chiyani Thupi?
Mwachidule, anthu omwe amachita nawo masewero oopsa amakumana ndi mantha, nkhawa, ndi mantha. Mahomoni opanikizika-kuphatikizapo kukula kwa hormone, cortisol, prolactin, ndi catecholamines monga adrenaline-akuwonjezeka kwambiri panthawiyi. Kawirikawiri, mahomoni opanikizika amawonjezeka mofanana ndi nkhawa ndi katundu wambiri.
Ngakhale kuti mahomoniwa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi mahomoni omwe amatha kubwerera kumbuyo pamapeto pa masewerawo, sizidziwikiratu kuti nthawi zambiri masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kusintha kwapakati pa mahomoni opanikizika amakhala ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali.
Sindikudziwikanso ngati maseŵera oopsa angapangitse matenda ena kapena ngati anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena ayenera kutenga nawo mbali masewera oopsa. Akatswiri ena amati anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu ayenera kupewa masewera oopsa komanso kuti anthu okhawo amene ali ndi thanzi labwino ayenera kutenga nawo mbali . Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino omwe angathe kuwonjezereka ndi nkhawa-kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, ndi mphumu-ayenera kuwonetsa masewero oopsa. Ndipotu, anthu omwe ali ndi machitidwewa amafufuzidwa ndipo sangatengeke ku masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kafufuzidwe zambiri zimayenera kuchitidwa tisanamvetsetse zotsatira za masewera oopsa thupi. Pakalipano, maphunziro ambiri a masewera oopsa adayika pamtima, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi ma okosijeni ambiri (VO2 max). Zochititsa chidwi, VO2 max ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha thupi labwino ndi kupirira panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi; Ndilo chiyilo chofunikira pakati pa akatswiri ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza thanzi lanu monga zokhudzana ndi masewera oopsa-kapena ngati mukuyenera kudya-chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Dokotala wanu adzatha kufufuza zoopsa zomwe zingakhalepo ndikupatseni chitsogozo.
> Zotsatira:
> Chatterton RT Jr, et al. Mayankho a Hormonal ku Maganizo a Amaganizo mwa Amuna Okonzekera Skydiving. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism . 1997; 82: 2503-9.
> Hackney, AC. Kusokonezeka Kwambiri kwa Endocrine Kugwirizana ndi Masewera Oopsa . Yunivesite ya North Carolina.
> Sherk VD, et al. Mayankho a hormone kumapiri opitirirabe akukwera mwa amuna. European Journal of Applied Physiology . 2011; 111: 687-693.
> Stenner E, et al. Mapulogalamu a mahomoni amafufuza kwa nthawi yaitali m'phanga la 700 mamita. European Journal of Applied Physiology . 2007; 100: 71-8.
> van Westerloo DJ, et al. Kupanikizika kovuta komwe kumapangidwira ndi kulumpha kwa bungee kumapangitsa kuti munthu asatenge kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Mankhwala a Molecular . 2011; 17: 180-8.