Carrageenan ndizitsulo zosungunuka m'madzi zomwe zimapezeka m'mitundu yambiri ya nyanja. Amapanga gel, kotero amatha kuwonjezera kapangidwe kawo ndi zakudya zoyenera. Chifukwa chake, carrageenan imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kowonjezera kapena kuzimitsa zinthu monga mkaka wa soy, ayisikilimu, kukwapula kirimu, kirimu, zakudya zamabotolo, zakudya zambewu, saladi, zovala, ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
Dzina la Carrageenan limachokera ku nyanja yamchere yomwe imamera pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Ireland pafupi ndi mudzi wotchedwa Carragheen. Koma, zambiri za carrageenan zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya zimachokera ku Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, ndi zina za Pacific.
Iwo amadziwika ngati GRAS ndi United States Chakudya ndi Drug Administration, chomwe chinavomereza kuti chikugwiritsanso ntchito mu 1961. GRAS imayimira "ambiri amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka." Zagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pakukonza chakudya ku United States kwa zaka zopitirira makumi asanu.
Koma, anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti kumwa mowa wa carrageenan kungakhale koopsa, makamaka kumadalira maphunziro omwe asinthidwapo.
Kodi Carrageenan Ngoopsa Kudya?
Mu 2001, anafunsa mafunso okhudza kuti carrageenan ingakhale ngozi ya thanzi chifukwa kafukufuku wina wofufuza kafukufuku yemwe akuwonetsa kuti akuwonetseredwa ndi 'carrageenan' yowonongeka ya m'mimba chifukwa cha mitundu ina ya makoswe ndi nyamakazi.
Koma zotsatira zake zinatsutsidwa chifukwa chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu maphunziro amenewa, carrageenan yonyozeka, sichimodzimodzi ndi carrageenan yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa zakudya. Carrageenan yonyozeka imatchedwa poligeenan, ndipo ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndipo ilibe katundu wofanana ndi carrageenan, kotero siigwiritsidwe ntchito pa zakudya.
Kotero kuti kufufuza kumeneku kwachitikadi pa chinthu chosiyana kwambiri.
Ogulitsa ena amakhulupirira kuti kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi carrageenan zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi vuto lakumagawa chifukwa cha kutupa kochokera m'magulu a nkhumba, koma kutukuta kwa carrageenan kunali kosavuta ku nkhumba ndipo sizinapezeke ndi nyama zina.
Kafukufuku amene wapangidwa kuyambira 2001 amasonyeza kuti chakudya cha carrageenan chodyetsa chakudya sichimayambitsa mazira a m'mimba, komanso sichitha polipolenenan pamene akudya chakudya kapena chimbudzi.
Ndizofunika kuyang'anitsitsa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya komanso Komiti Yowona za Chakudya Chakudya (JECFA) yomwe imapangidwa ndi Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ndi World Health Organization (WHO) ya bungwe la United Nations. kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi carrageenan monga mankhwala okhudzana ndi makanda a mwana ndipo alibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.
Ubwino Wathanzi Wathanzi
Kalekale, mchere unaphika m'madzi kapena mkaka, ndipo chotsitsacho chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa dongosolo lakumagawa, kuchiza zilonda, ndi kutengedwa ngati mankhwala otupa. N'zotheka kuti kudyetsa carrageenan ku red algae kungakhale kopindulitsa pa thanzi lanu.
Carrageenans ndi mbali ya gulu lalikulu la mankhwala omwe amatchedwa phycocolloids, ndipo kwenikweni, ndiwo ndiwo magwero aakulu a phycocolloids mu red algae. Kafukufuku wamaphunziro ambiri awonetsa kuti carrageenan kuchokera ku nyemba zamagazi zingagwire ntchito ngati anticoagulant, imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepetsa mafuta m'thupi, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antioxidant kuti zithetse kuwonongeka kochitidwa kuchokera ku zowonongeka kwaulere. N'zotheka kuti ma carrageen angakhale ndi mphamvu pa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Inde, palinso kafukufuku wochuluka woti uchitike chifukwa zofukufuku zamakono zimachokera pa kafukufuku wa maselo, maselo ndi zinyama. Kuti mudziwe ngati carrageenan ali ndi ubwino uliwonse wa thanzi, maphunziro ayenera kuchitidwa pansi pa machitidwe ndi anthu.
Zotsatira:
> Hui YH. "Buku la Food Science, Technology, ndi Engineering." Volume 2. CRC Press. 2006.
Imeson A. "Zakudya Zolimbitsa Thupi, Ophika ndi Gelling Agents." Wiley-Blackwell. 2009.
> Pangestuti R, Kim SK. "Zochita zamoyo za carrageenan." Adv Food Nutr Res. 2014; 72: 113-24.
United States Food and Drug Administration. " > Sankhani Komiti ya GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Opinion: Carrageenan ."
> Bungwe la Padziko Lonse la Umoyo. Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha zakudya zina zowonjezera. " WHO Food Additives Series, No. 70, 2015 .