Ochita kafukufuku amapeza zowonjezera zatsopano ndi zoletsedwa zowonjezera
Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito kulemera kwa thupi kapena kupatsirana ntchito, dziwani ichi: Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m'magazini yowonedwa ndi anzawo a Clinical Toxicology amasonyeza zinthu zatsopano zomwe zingakhale zoopsa pa thanzi lanu. Kafukufukuyu akupezekanso kuti zida ziwiri zomwe zinachotsedwa pamsika chifukwa cha zisamaliro za chitetezo zimaphatikizidwanso ku zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Zakudya Zoopsa Zosakaniza-Zakale ndi Zatsopano
Ochita kafukufuku ochokera ku mabungwe omwe akuphatikizapo NSF International, Harvard Medical School, ndi National Institute for Health Health ndi Environment ku Netherlands anachita phunziro pofuna kudziwa ngati zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera zimawonjezeredwa ku kulemera kwa thupi ndi kuwonjezera mavitamini ogulitsa ku United States.
Monga gawo la phunziroli, asayansi anazindikira ndipo anagwiritsira ntchito zoonjezera ziwiri zomwe zakhala zikuletsedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration. Zosangalatsa zotsekedwazo zinali monga:
- 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA): Mu 2012 a FDA analetsa izi zochititsa chidwi, mwazigawo , kuzinthu zachitetezo. Mankhwalawa agwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda aakulu a mtima, kupweteka kwa magazi, ndi kufa kwadzidzidzi. 1,3-DMAA ikhoza kugulitsidwa pansi pa maina awiri-amino-isoheptane, DMHA, 2-amino-6-methylheptane, kapena Aconitum kusnezoffii.
- 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA): Izi zimaphatikizapo " analog " kapena "cousin" ya 1,3-DMAA ndipo ingayambitse matenda omwewo. Mankhwalawa asonyezedwa kuti awonetse kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa nyama, koma chiopsezo mwa anthu sichimvetsetsedwa bwino.
Ofufuzawo adafufuza kuti adziwe ngati zinthu zina zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ofanana ndi zinthu zoletsedwa zikuwonjezeredwa kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Asayansi ankadandaula kuti izi zowonjezera zowonongeka zingayambitse zotsatira zoopsa zaumoyo monga zolimbikitsa zoletsedwa.
Osati kokha ochita kafukufuku anapeza izi zowonjezera, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zovulaza, koma zinapezanso kuti zozizwitsa zomwe poyamba zinkaletsedwa zinalipobe mwazinthu zina. Zowonjezera zatsopano zikuphatikizapo:
- 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA): Msuweni wa mankhwalawa wa 1,3-DMAA wawonetsedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mtima wa mtima komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa nyama. Zomwe zimakhudza anthu sizidziwikiratu, koma asayansi ali ndi zifukwa zomveka zokhulupirira kuti zikhoza kuvulaza. Choonjezera choonjezera chimagulitsidwa monga chomera chachilengedwe, ngakhale kuti asayansi sanapeze umboni wakuti achokera ku zomera.
- Octodrine: Mgwirizano umenewu unayambitsidwa poyamba ngati chithandizo cha bronchitis ndi zina zofanana. Koma mankhwala ovomerezeka a FDA omwe ankaphatikizapo octodrine anali ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi ndalama zomwe zimapezeka mu zowonjezeretsa zomwe zafotokozedwa mu phunziro ili. Maphunziro a zinyama asonyeza kuti zochititsa chidwi zingayambitse mavuto a mtima.
Zida Zili ndi Zowonjezera Zowopsa Zosakaniza
Zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha zisanayambe kugwira ntchito ndi kulemera kwapadera zimaphunzitsidwa monga gawo la kafukufukuyu. Zotsatira za phunziroli zikuwonetsa kuti zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka mumtundu uliwonse zinalipo muzowonjezera zomwe zimayembekezeredwa kuti zitha kuwononga thupi.
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Olemba Phunziro alangizi othandizira othandizira kuti kafukufuku wawo amangopereka "chithunzi cha zomwe ogula angapezeke." Pakhoza kukhala zinthu zina pamsika zomwe zili ndi zoopsa zomwe zingakhale zoopsa komanso zowonongeka zomwe zingakhale zowopsa kapena zingakhale zosazindikiridwa pa chizindikiro.
Mmene Mungapewere Zowonjezera Zowopsa
John Travis ndi wolemba wofufuza ndipo ndi NSF International's Senior Research Scientist.
Akuti phunziroli ndi kufufuza monga momwe zimathandizira ogula kuti azidziŵa zinthu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso amathandizanso makampani ena kuti azikhala okhulupirika.
"Ambiri opanga mafakitale akudzipereka kupereka zinthu zotetezeka kwa ogula.Koma pali ochepa owonetsa zoipa komanso kuwonongeka kumene amakhalapo ndizobiri. Choyamba, iwo amaika ogula pangozi.Ndichiwiri amapereka ntchito yonse ya diso lakuda. "
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wamakono, olemba mabuku akulimbikitsa ogula kupeŵa mankhwala omwe ali ndi "2-aminoisoheptane" kapena Aconitum kusnezoffii. Koma Travis akunena kuti pali njira zina zomwe mungatengere kuti mukhale otetezeka mukamagwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena zakudya zina.
"Ogulitsa amatha kuyang'ana chizindikiro cha NSF International pazogula zomwe amagula. Zovomerezekazo zimatsimikizira kuti malembawo ndi olondola komanso kuti mankhwalawa alibe ufulu wowonjezera monga DMAA ndi DMBA kapena mankhwala ena omwe angawonongeke."
NSF International ndi bungwe la thanzi ndi chitetezo chopanda phindu lomwe ntchito yake ndi yopereka chidziwitso kwa ogula komanso kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha anthu.
Mawu Ochokera
Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America amatenga zakudya komanso zakudya zina zolimbitsa thupi popanda kudwala matenda. Koma monga momwe kafukufukuyu akusonyezera, pali chochepa koma chofunika kwambiri chovulaza.
Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chowonjezera, yesani kufufuza musanagule. Fufuzani zowonjezera zosakaniza kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti siziletsedwa kapena zinthu zokayikitsa. Ndipo mugwirizane ndi wothandizira wanu wamkulu kuti mukhale wathanzi. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake ngati angasokoneze mankhwala anu kapena kudwala matenda. Ngati mumamva zotsatira zosayembekezereka mukatenga mankhwala enaake, funsani dokotala kuti awononge zomwe zingakuvulazeni.
> Zotsatira:
> Pieter A. Cohen, John C. Travis, ndi al. "Zowonjezera zinayi zomwe zimayambitsa masewera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) ndi 1 , 3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA) " Clinical Toxicology November 8, 2017
> John C. Travis (November 8, 2017). Kuyankhulana kwa foni.