Zina zowonongeka ndi zitsamba zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke kapena zowonjezereka
Kodi mwalingalira zotenga mankhwala oterewa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Simungadziwe kuti sikuti mapiritsi onse olemera amatengedwa kuti ndi otetezeka, osagwira ntchito bwino. Izi zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zambiri, koma kuyambira kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2008, US Food and Drug Administration inagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala okwana 28 omwe amaonedwa ngati owopsa.
Iwo akhala akupitiriza kuwonjezera pa mndandanda womwe wakula mokongola kwambiri. Sikuti USDA inalembetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe angasokonezeke panthawiyi, komanso alembetsa mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zosakaniza zomwe zingakhale zovulaza thanzi lanu.
Kodi Zimakhala Zoopsa Motani?
Nchifukwa chiyani ali oopsa? Chifukwa zimadetsedwa ndi zipangizo zomwe thupi silinaloledwe ndipo zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Zosakanizazo sizidziwika, kutanthauza, zolembazo sizikutchula. Iwo akhoza kukhala achinyengo. Onse amanena kuti ndi "zitsamba" kapena "zachirengedwe" ndipo chifukwa amadziwika ngati "zakudya zowonjezera zakudya," samagonjetsedwa ndi chipani cha FDA. Komabe, a FDA atsimikiza kwambiri, ngati sizinthu zonse zotchedwa "zachirengedwe" kapena zowonongeka kwa zitsamba zingapangidwe ku China. Zina mwazoopsa zowopsazi ndi sibutramine, rimonabant, phenytoin, ndi phenolphthalein.
Mankhwala osokonekera awa osaloledwa ali ndi limodzi, ndipo nthawi zina zoposa imodzi, zowononga izi. M'munsimu muli kufotokoza kwa mankhwala alionse ndi kumene amapezeka.
Sibutramine ndi mankhwala olamulidwa ndipo amapezeka ku Meridia omwe avomerezedwa kugulitsidwa ku United States mwa mankhwala.
Komabe, ndalama zomwe zimapezeka mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zowonjezereka zimakhala katatu kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu mankhwala a Meridia. Chifukwa cha sibutramine yapamwamba, iwo omwe amatha kutengera zina mwazinthu zosagwirizana ndi malamulowa amatha kuwonjezereka ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, tachycardia, palpitations, kapena kugwidwa.
Rimonabant ndi mankhwala omwe sanavomerezedwe ku United States ndipo amachititsa anthu ochepa kufa m'mayiko ena. Sichivomerezedwa chifukwa chapezeka kuti chimaonjezera chiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira za ubongo ndi matenda a m'maganizo - kukhumudwa, kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa, kusowa tulo, kukhumudwa, ndi maganizo odzipha okha pakati pa odwala.
Phenolphthalein inali kupezeka mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo mpaka itachotsedwa kwa iwo kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 pamene inapezeka kuti ndi khansa (yotanthawuza, imachititsa khansara) ndipo inapezeka kuti ikuyambitsa kusintha kwa DNA.
Phenytoin amapezeka mwachidule mwa zina mwazirombo zoletsedwa. Zagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga Dilantin yomwe imavomereza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma omwe sali kuwonetsedwa kwa iwo omwe alibe kugwidwa.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ndi Zosakaniza Zobisika
Mndandandawu umasinthidwa nthawi zina, koma FDA ikuwonekeratu kuti mndandanda wake suli wathunthu.
Popeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaonedwa kuti ndi "zakudya zowonjezera zakudya" samagwera pansi pa FDA's pureview. Mutha kuwona mndandanda wamakono omwe mwaletsedwa kuletsedwa mankhwala pa webusaiti ya FDA.
{ Zindikirani kwa owerenga: a FDA asinthidwa ndikuwonjezera mndandanda kwa mankhwala 61 mu January 2016.}
Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukukumana Mmodzi mwa Awa Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kulemera Kwachilendo
- Lankhulani ndi dokotala mwamsanga ngati mukudwala ndipo mukuganiza kuti mankhwala alionse, kaya ndi mankhwala olemera kapena ayi, akhala akuyambitsa zizindikiro zanu
- Lembani mavuto aliwonse ndi mankhwala kapena kuwonjezera kwa FDA kupyolera mu dongosolo la MedWatch.