Iodine ndi mchere wamchere womwe thupi lanu limafunikira kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro otchedwa thyroxine (T4) ndi triiodothyronine (T3). Mahomoni amenewa ndi ofunikira kuti thupi lanu likule, kukula, kuchepa kwa thupi ndi kutentha kwa thupi lanu.
Ambiri a ayodini m'thupi lanu amapezeka mu chithokomiro, koma ena amapezeka m'magazi ndi minofu. Ndipo ngakhale ntchito yaikulu ikukhudzana ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro, ayodini angakhalenso ofunika ku mawere aamuna komanso machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi.
Zakudya zolembera zakudya zimayikidwa ndi Health and Medicine Division ya National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, ndi Medicine. Malingalirowa amachokera m'zaka zapitazo ndipo amaimira ndalama zomwe zimafunikila kuti zikhale zofunika kwa munthu wathanzi. Azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena akuyamwitsa amafunikira ayodini wambiri.
Zolemba Zowonjezera Zakudya
Zaka 1 mpaka 8: 90 micrograms patsiku
Zaka 9 mpaka 13: 120 micrograms patsiku
Zaka 14+: 150 micrograms pa tsiku
Azimayi omwe ali ndi mimba: micrograms 220 patsiku
Azimayi omwe akuyamwitsa: 290 micrograms patsiku
Iodini imapezeka nthawi zambiri mu nsomba, mchere wothira mafuta, komanso mochepa mu mkaka, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Iodini ikhoza kukhala poizoni (pafupifupi 1,000 micrograms pa tsiku). Kuika ayodini wochuluka kwambiri kungathe kuchepetsa vuto la chithokomiro.
Kulephera kwa Iodine
Kulephera kumatha kukhala ndi chithokomiro chotchedwa goiter. Hormone yotchedwa chithokomiro yotulutsa hormone imapangitsa kuti chithokomiro chikwanitse kutenga ayodini ndipo chimapangitsa kuti mahomoni a chithokomiro asinthe komanso kuti atulutse T3 ndi T4.
Kuperewera kwa ayodini kumapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwononge kwambiri timadzi timene timayambitsa timadzi timene timayambitsa timadzi timene timayambitsa matenda.
Goiter anali wamba m'madera akumidzi a United States kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kuchokera pamene nthaka inalibe ayodini (zomera zakula pamadera akum'mbali zili ndi ayodini pang'ono kuchokera ku nthaka). Kuonjezeranso iodini kupatula mchere kumathetsa bwino kusowa kwa ayodini.
Iodine Toxicity
Kudya kwambiri kwa ayodini kungayambitse zizindikiro zofanana ndi kusowa kwa ayodini ndi hypothyroidism mwa anthu ena. Ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, muyenera kulankhula ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za kuwonjezeka kwa ayodini.
Institute of Medicine yakhazikitsa malire apamwamba apamwamba a kudya kwa iodini pa 1,100 micrograms patsiku kwa akuluakulu. Malire okwera mmwamba ndi malipiro aakulu omwe amadziwika kukhala otetezeka kwa munthu wathanzi wathanzi kuti azichita tsiku ndi tsiku. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro akhoza kukhala ndi malire apamwamba otsika komanso ayenera kulankhula ndi dokotala.
Zotsatira:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Zakudya Zapamwamba ndi Mankhwala a Metabolism." Sitifiketi Chachisanu ndi chimodzi. Belmont, CA Kampani Yotsindikiza ya Wadsworth, 2013.
Health and Medicine Division ya National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, ndi Medicine. "Zolemba Zowonjezera Zakudya Zakudya ndi Machitidwe." http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/activities/nutrition/summarydris/dri-tables.aspx.
Maofesi a National Health Office of Food Supplements. "Iodini - Health Professional Factsheet." http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iodine-HealthProfessional/.