Mungadandaule za kumwa madzi okwanira kuti musamadzipiritsire madzi ndi kukhalabe wathanzi malinga ndi nyengo ndi nyengo yomwe mumakhala. Magalasi asanu ndi atatu pa tsiku. Ndizo zomwe akunena, molondola? Chowonadi chiri, palibe kufufuza kwakukulu kwa sayansi yeniyeni yomwe imakhala yeniyeni "dose" ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya madzi.
Kufalikira kwa maphunziro asanu ndi atatu a magalasi ndi tsiku kumapezeka mu pepala la 2012 lolembedwa ndi Spero Tsindos, pulofesa wa zakudya ku yunivesite ya La Trobe ku Australia.
Lofalitsidwa ku Australia ndi New Zealand Journal of Health Public, nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mbiri ya chiyambi cha uphungu uwu, ndi zina zomwe zikuchitika panopa zikusonyeza kuti chikhulupiliro cha malamulo osachepera a madzi akukhalabe chofala kwambiri.
Malingana ndi Tsindos, kumbuyo kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, akatswiri ochiritsira ena omwe amatcha "hydrophathist" anali amodzi mwa oyamba kulengeza madzi - komanso ambiri - monga mankhwala onse. Vincent Priessnitz, yemwe tsopano ali mbali ya Czech Republic, akudziwika kuti ndi amene anayambitsa magetsi. Madzi ake "machiritso" adayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo osungira madzi ku United States, Australia, ndi Europe pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800. Priessnitz ndi omuthandizira ake adalimbikitsa kumwa mofanana ndi 1.1 mpaka 1.7 malita a madzi patsiku.
Posachedwapa, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Tsindos, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1940 National Academy of Sciences inasindikiza buku lomwe limagwirizanitsa madzi ochuluka ndi chiwerengero cha makilogalamu omwe amadya tsiku lililonse: madzi okwanira 1 millilita pa kalori iliyonse.
Malingana ndi chiwerengero ichi, munthu amene adya makilogalamu pafupifupi 2,500 pa tsiku ayenera kumwa pafupifupi 2.5 malita a madzi tsiku.
Kuopsa kwa Kutaya Kwambiri Kwambiri
Kutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri n'koopsa. Zingabweretse kukhumudwa, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, komanso imfa. Kuchepa kwa madzi pang'ono kungachititse kuti thupi liziyenda bwino kapena kuti matenda a mkodzo.
Ngakhale mavuto a mano angabwere chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mphuno pakamwa, zomwe zingakhale vuto kwa mano okalamba. Anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pakatha kusanza kapena kutsekula m'mimba.
Zowopsa za Kuposa Zamadzimadzi
Nthawi zambiri munthu amadya madzi ochuluka kwambiri, hyponatremia imatha. Hyponatremia ndi vuto lalikulu limene thupi la electrolyte limatayidwa, makamaka sodium. Kuvulala kwa ubongo ndi ubongo kungawonongeke. Ngakhale kuti zikhalidwe zina monga matenda a impso komanso kupwetekedwa mtima kwa mtima kungayambitse hyponatremia, zikuwonetsedwanso m'mathamanga othamanga omwe amatha kumwa madzi patsogolo pa mpikisano waukulu.
Madzi Ambiri Ndi Okwanira Motani?
Mosiyana ndi mavitamini ndi minerals ambiri, palibe chiwerengero chosachepera cha kuikidwa kwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Malingana ndi National Academy of Science Food and Nutrition Board, "chakudya chokwanira" cha madzi chimasiyana ndi zaka ndi chikhalidwe. Ziwerengerozi zimachokera ku deta yolongosola zakudya, kotero iwo ali chifupikitso cha kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amawononga, osati kuchuluka kwa zomwe ayenera kudya.
Mtunduwu ndi waukulu kwambiri: Amuna omwe ali ndi zaka 51 mpaka 70, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku amapezeka pafupifupi 1,9 malita, kuphatikizapo madzi omwe ali nawo pa zakudya zonse ndi zakumwa.
Kwa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 51 mpaka 70, kumwa kwapakati ndi pafupifupi 2.0 malita patsiku kuchokera ku magwero onse.
Kafukufuku wofanana wochokera ku Australia, wotchulidwa ndi Tsindos, unachitika mu 1995. Unapanga madzi okwanira kuchokera ku magetsi onse kuti akhale 3.4 malita a amuna ndi 2.8 malita azimayi, ngakhale kuti 40 peresenti ya anthu omwe adayankha sanathe kudya madzi ambiri.
Mu nyuzipepala ya 2008 ya Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, akatswiri a filosofi ya University of Pennsylvania Dan Negoianu ndi Stanley Goldfarb amakayikiranso nzeru zamakono zisanu ndi ziwiri za magalasi-tsiku. Pomwe amavomereza kuti anthu okhala m'madera otentha, ozizira ndi omwe akuyesera mwamphamvu ali ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha madzi, amatchula kusowa kwa umboni uliwonse wa sayansi kuti magalasi asanu ndi atatu a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ofunikira.
Kuonjezera apo, iwo amasonyeza maphunziro otsutsana okhudza ubwino wambiri wa madzi okhudzana ndi mikhalidwe yeniyeni, kupyola miyala ya impso, ndipo ngakhale umboniwo ndi wokhutiritsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mwala kale.
Kutenga kwa Madzi ndi Kutaya Kwambiri
Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti kumamwa madzi ambiri kumathandiza kuchepetsa kulemera, makamaka pamene madzi amalowetsamo zakumwa zakumwa zotsekemera zomwe zingathe kudyedwa. Tsindos, Negoianu, ndi Goldfarb amatsutsana ndi kulemera kwake, kunena kuti palibe kafukufuku amene asonyeza kuti kumwa madzi ambiri tsiku lonse kunachepetsedwa ndi zakudya zamtundu wa caloric.
Nanga Bwanji Kafe ndi Tea?
Coffee ndi tiyi zimapangidwa ndi madzi, motero "amawerengera" kuntchito yanu yonse ya madzi kapena kuchita ma diuretic zimatanthauza kuti mumasungunuka madzi ena omwe mwatenga? Tsindos amalankhula mfundo imeneyi, akulongosola kafukufuku amene amasonyeza kuti "zakumwa zoledzeretsa, monga tiyi kapena khofi, zimakhala zowonjezereka."
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Madzi ang'onoang'ono komanso madzi ambiri amachititsa ngozi. Pamene timadya madzi mumadzi ozizira tsiku ndi tsiku, timatunga madzi kudzera mu zakudya monga zipatso zosakanizidwa ndi masamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti thupi likhale lopanda madzi. Kuonjezera apo, Tsindos akugogomezera, pali umboni wochuluka wakuti madzi ndi zakudya zabwino zimathandiza kwambiri thupi kusiyana ndi madzi okha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa.
Pomaliza, ponena za kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe muyenera kumamwa tsiku lililonse, lolani thupi lanu likhale lanu lotsogolera. Muli ndi mita yosungiramo madzi: mkodzo wanu. Ngati mdima wonyezimira kapena lalanje uli ndi mtundu, kapena ngati uli ndi fungo lapadera kapena lopanda mphamvu, mukhoza kutaya madzi, ngakhale mankhwala ena amatha kuyambitsa mkodzo walanje.
Kawirikawiri mtundu wa mkodzo wathanzi ndi wachikasu, kapena wobiriwira, ndipo uyenera kukhala womveka bwino kuti uwerenge nyuzipepala. Kumbukirani: thupi lanu lidzagwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchokera kulikonse , kuphatikizapo zipatso zabwino ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe ndizo zakudya zotsutsa, komanso khofi ndi tiyi zomwe zingalimbikitsenso moyo wanu.
Zotsatira:
Daniels MC, Popkin BM. "Mphamvu ya madzi kudya pa mphamvu ya mphamvu ndi kulemera kwake: ndondomeko yowonongeka." Rev. Rev. 2010 Sep; 68 (9): 505-21.
Kutaya madzi m'thupi. Msonkhano wa US National Institute of Health Medline.
Zowonjezera Zakudya Zakudya Zamadzi, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, ndi Sulfate Panel pa Zakudya Za Zakudya Zopangira Ma Electrolyte ndi Madzi, Komiti Yoyima ya Scientific Assessment of Dietary Reference Intakes. National Academy Press. 2005. Ifikira pa June 25, 2012.
Friedrich Manz, MD "Kuthamanga ndi Matenda." J Am Coll Nutrition October 2007 vol. 26 ayi. suppl 5.
Hyponatremia. US National Institutes of Health Public Information pepala.
Margaret McCartney. "Madzi?" BMJ 2011; 343: d4280.
Negoianu, Dan ndi Goldfarb, Stanley. "Onjezerani Madzi." Journal ya American Society of Nephrology : JASN, ISSN 1046-6673, 06/2008, Voliyumu 19, Issue 6, pp. 1041 - 1043.
Spero Tsindos. "N'chiyani Chimatipatsa Kumwa 2 Malita a Madzi Tsiku?" Magazini ya Australia ndi New Zealand Journal of Health Public. Vesi 36, Nkhani 3, tsamba 205-207, June 2012.